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A new interesting article has been published in J Neurooncol. 2019 Aug;144(1):107-115. doi: 10.1007/s11060-019-03208-w. Epub 2019 Jun 13. and titled:

Prognostic markers for immunodeficiency-associated primary central nervous system lymphoma.

Authors of this article are:

Kaulen LD, Galluzzo D, Hui P, Barbiero F, Karschnia P, Huttner A, Fulbright R, Baehring JM.

A summary of the article is shown below:

BACKGROUND: Immunodeficiency is a major risk factor for primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), but data on the disease in immunocompromised hosts are scarce. We aimed to define clinical and imaging features and determine prognostic factors for immunodeficiency-associated PCNSL.METHODS: All PCNSL cases seen at Yale-New Haven Hospital between 2002 and 2017 were retrospectively screened for immunodeficiency. For patients with immunosuppression, biopsies were evaluated and clinical data were collected. Predictors of survival were identified using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log-rank test. p values < 0.05 were considered significant.RESULTS: 23 patients with immunodeficiencies were identified: eleven on immunosuppressants after solid organ transplantation, seven with human immunodeficiency virus infection, and five on immunosuppressive treatment due to various autoimmune disorders. PCNSL cases were largely Epstein-Barr-Virus positive (78%), histologically classified as diffuse large B cell lymphomas (87%), and showed peripheral contrast enhancement (81%) and corresponding heterogeneous diffusion-weighted imaging patterns (DWI) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (71%). Median overall survival was 31 months. Age > 60 years at diagnosis (p < 0.01), peripheral enhancement of the mass on MRI (p = 0.04), heterogeneous DWI patterns (p = 0.04), and clonal immunoglobulin heavy chain gene rearrangement (IgHR) (p = 0.03) were found to be negative prognostic markers.CONCLUSIONS: Immunodeficiency-associated PCNSL presents with similar clinical, pathological and imaging features. Age > 60 years, clonal IgHR, heterogeneous DWI pattern and peripheral enhancement on MRI may serve as predictors of less favorable outcome.

Check out the article’s website on Pubmed for more information:

[link-preview url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31190317 forceshot=true]

This article is a good source of information and a good way to become familiar with topics such as: Autoimmune diseases;Diffusion-weighted imaging;Gene rearrangement;HIV;Immunosuppression;Organ transplantation;Primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma.

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