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A new interesting article has been published in J Cyst Fibros. 2019 Jul;18(4):484-490. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2019.04.002. Epub 2019 Apr 18. and titled:

Cystic fibrosis screen positive inconclusive diagnosis (CFSPID): Experience in Tuscany, Italy.

Authors of this article are:

Terlizzi V, Mergni G, Buzzetti R, Centrone C, Zavataro L, Braggion C.

A summary of the article is shown below:

OBJECTIVE: The implementation of cystic fibrosis (CF) newborn screening (NBS) has led to identification of infants with a positive NBS test but inconclusive diagnosis classified as “CF screen positive, inconclusive diagnosis” (CFSPID). We retrospectively evaluated the prevalence and clinical outcome of CFSPID infants diagnosed by 2 NBS algorithms in the period from 2011 to 2016 in the Tuscany region of Italy.METHODS: In 2011-2016, we assessed the diagnostic impact of DNA analysis on the NBS 4-tier algorithm [immunoreactive trypsin (IRT) – meconium lactase – IRT2 – sweat chloride (SC)]. All CFSPID patients repeated SC testing every 6 months, and CFTR gene analysis was performed (detection rate 98%). We reclassified children as: CF diagnosis in presence of at least 2 pathological SC results; healthy carrier or healthy in presence of at least 2 normal SC results for age and either 1 or 0 CF-causing mutations, respectively.RESULTS: We identified 32 CF and 50 CFSPID cases: 20/50 (40%) were diagnosed only by the IRT-DNA-SC algorithm and 16/50 (32%) only by IRT-meconium lactase-IRT2-SC. Both protocols identified the remaining 14 cases (28%). Thirty-seven of 50 (74%) CFSPID patients had a conclusive diagnosis on December 31, 2017:5 (10%) CF, 17 (34%) healthy and 15 (30%) healthy carriers; 13/50 (26%) cases were asymptomatic with persistent intermediate SC and followed as CFSPID (CF:CFSPID ratio 2.85:1).CONCLUSIONS: In 6 years, the CF:CFSPID ratio modified from 0.64:1 to 2.85:1, and 10% of CFSPID cases progressed to CF. Genetic analysis improved positive predictive value and identified a higher number of CFSPID infants progressing to CF.Copyright © 2019 European Cystic Fibrosis Society. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Check out the article’s website on Pubmed for more information:

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