Structure of human cytomegalovirus UL144, an HVEM orthologue, bound to the B and T cell Lymphocyte Attenuator.
Authors of this article are:
Bitra A, Nemčovičová I, Picarda G, Doukov T, Wang J, Benedict CA, Zajonc DM.
A summary of the article is shown below:
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a β-herpesvirus that has co-evolved with the host immune system to establish lifelong persistence. HCMV encodes many immune-modulatory molecules, including the glycoprotein UL144. UL144 is a structural mimic of the TNFRSF member HVEM, which binds to various ligands LIGHT, LTα, BTLA, CD160 and gD. However, in contrast to HVEM, UL144 only binds BTLA, inhibiting T cell activation. Here we report the crystal structure of the UL144/BTLA complex, revealing that UL144 utilizes residues from its N-terminal cysteine rich domain 1 (CRD1) to interact uniquely with BTLA. The shorter CRD2 loop of UL144 also alters the relative orientation of BTLA binding with both N-terminal CRDs. Employing structure-guided mutagenesis we have identified a mutant of BTLA (L123A) that interferes with HVEM binding, but preserves UL144 interactions. Furthermore, our results illuminate structural differences between UL144 and HVEM that explain its binding selectivity and highlight it as a suitable scaffold for designing superior, immune inhibitory BTLA agonists.Published under license by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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This article is a good source of information and a good way to become familiar with topics such as: X-ray crystallography; cell surface receptor; protein-protein interaction; recombinant protein expression; tumor necrosis factor (TNF); viral protein.
